Tempi e aspetto

Il passato di "to be": was e were in inglese

Livello A1 Tempi e aspetto
Idea chiave

In inglese il verbo "to be" ha due forme al passato: was per I, he, she, it e were per you, we, they. Per questo dici "I was at home" ma "They were happy". Nelle negazioni e nelle domande non serve l'ausiliare "did": basta invertire soggetto e verbo, come in "Were you tired?". A differenza dell'italiano, dove il soggetto si può omettere ("ero a casa"), in inglese il pronome resta sempre obbligatorio: "I was", non solo "was".

Esempi

  • I was at home. the speaker was at home
  • They were happy. the people were happy
  • Were you tired? asking if someone was tired

La lezione completa

Tutto il video, in testo.

  1. was vs were

    il passato di “to be”

    Di we was there e un madrelingua sente l'errore all'istante. Il passato di to be ha solo due forme, ma confonderle è uno degli errori più evidenti in inglese.

  2. 🕒

    Il passato di 'to be' sono solo due parole: was e were.

    Buona notizia: ci sono solo due parole da imparare. Al presente, to be ha am, is e are. Al passato, tutto questo si riduce a was e were.

  3. Chi vuole cosa

    was
    • I
    • he
    • she
    • it
    were
    • you
    • we
    • they

    Ecco la divisione. Usa was con i soggetti singolari: I, he, she e it. Usa were con gli altri: you, we e they. Questa riga è tutta la regola.

  4. to be — passato

    I was
    you were
    he / she / it was
    we were
    they were

    Vediamo l'intero schema in un colpo d'occhio, così il modello si fissa. Nota come was copre I, he, she e it, e were copre you, we e they.

  5. I was at home.

    I → was

    Cominciamo dal caso più semplice. I è singolare, quindi vuole was. I was at home.

  6. She was tired.

    she → was

    He, she e it funzionano esattamente allo stesso modo: tutti singolari, tutti con was. She was tired.

  7. They were happy.

    they → were

    Ora passiamo a were. They è plurale, quindi non vuole mai was. They were happy.

  8. You were right.

    you → were (sempre)

    Ecco quello che inganna molti. You vuole sempre were, anche quando parli con una sola persona. You were right.

  9. 🚫

    Negativo = was/were + not. Niente 'did'.

    Ora la negazione. Non serve un ausiliare come did. Basta aggiungere not subito dopo was o were, di solito abbreviato in wasn't e weren't.

  10. I wasn't ready.

    was + not

    Così I was not diventa I wasn't: è il verbo stesso a portare la negazione. I wasn't ready.

  11. Domande: basta invertire. Was/were prima del soggetto.

    Le domande sono altrettanto facili. Anche qui niente did. Basta invertire soggetto e verbo: was o were va davanti.

  12. Were you tired?

    inverti, niente 'did'

    You were tired diventa Were you tired?: prima il verbo, senza ausiliare. Were you tired?

  13. We was late. ❌ 'we' è plurale
    We were late. ✅ we → were

    Non abbinare mai un soggetto plurale a 'was'.

    Ora la grande trappola. Sentirai we was e you was nel parlato informale, ma nell'inglese standard è sbagliato. I soggetti plurali vogliono sempre were.

  14. Did you were there? ❌ niente 'did' con 'to be'
    Were you there? ✅ basta invertire

    'To be' forma le proprie domande: togli il 'did'.

    E la seconda trappola: non aggiungere did a una domanda con to be. Did you were there è sbagliato due volte. Basta invertire: Were you there?

  15. Ricorda

    • was → I, he, she, it
    • were → you, we, they
    • Niente 'did': aggiungi 'not' o inverti

    Ricapitolando: was per I, he, she e it; were per you, we e they. E to be non vuole did: per negare e per chiedere, basta aggiungere not o invertire.

Video consigliati